---
title: Supported SQL Commands
---

# Basic SQL

## Data Description (DDL)

| SQL Commands    | Supported | Notes and limitations                    |
|:----------------|:---------:|:-----------------------------------------|
| ALTER TABLE     | ✅        | SET SCHEMA and identity RESTART are not supported |
| CREATE DATABASE | ✅        |                                          |
| CREATE TABLE    | ✅        | UNLOGGED, storage parameters, and TABLESPACE are not supported |
| DROP DATABASE   | ✅        | WITH (FORCE) is not supported            |
| DROP TABLE      | ✅        | RESTRICT and CASCADE are not supported   |

## Data Manipulation (DML)

| SQL Commands | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :----------- | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| CALL         |    ✅     |                       |
| DELETE       |    ✅     | Supports RETURNING    |
| INSERT       |    ✅     | Supports ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING / DO UPDATE and RETURNING |
| SELECT       |    ✅     | Locking clauses (FOR UPDATE / FOR SHARE) are not supported |
| UPDATE       |    ✅     | Supports RETURNING    |
| VALUES       |    ✅     |                       |

## All SQL

## Access management statements

| SQL Commands             | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :----------------------- | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER GROUP              |    🟠     | Treated as ALTER ROLE; the ADD/DROP USER forms used to manage group membership are not supported |
| ALTER ROLE               |    ✅     |                       |
| ALTER USER               |    ✅     |                       |
| ALTER USER MAPPING       |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE GROUP             |    ✅     | Alias for CREATE ROLE |
| CREATE ROLE              |    ✅     |                       |
| CREATE USER              |    ✅     |                       |
| CREATE USER MAPPING      |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP GROUP               |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP ROLE                |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP USER                |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP USER MAPPING        |    ❌     |                       |
| GRANT                    |    ✅     | Supported for tables, schemas, databases, sequences, routines, and role grants; cross-database grants are not supported |
| REASSIGN OWNED           |    ❌     |                       |
| REVOKE                   |    ✅     | Same forms as GRANT   |

## Data definition statements

| SQL Commands                     | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :------------------------------- | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| ALTER AGGREGATE                  |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER COLLATION                  |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER CONVERSION                 |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER DATABASE                   |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER DOMAIN                     |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER EVENT TRIGGER              |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER EXTENSION                  |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER       |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER FOREIGN TABLE              |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER FUNCTION                   |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER INDEX                      |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER LANGUAGE                   |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER LARGE OBJECT               |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER MATERIALIZED VIEW          |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER OPERATOR                   |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER OPERATOR CLASS             |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER OPERATOR FAMILY            |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER POLICY                     |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER PROCEDURE                  |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER PUBLICATION                |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER ROUTINE                    |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER RULE                       |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER SCHEMA                     |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER SEQUENCE                   |    🟠     | Only the OWNED BY form is supported; other forms (RESTART, INCREMENT, etc.) are not |
| ALTER SERVER                     |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER STATISTICS                 |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER SUBSCRIPTION               |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER SYSTEM                     |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TABLE                      |    ✅     | SET SCHEMA and identity RESTART are not supported |
| ALTER TABLESPACE                 |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION  |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY     |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH PARSER         |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE       |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TRIGGER                    |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER TYPE                       |    ❌     |                       |
| ALTER VIEW                       |    ❌     |                       |
| COMMENT                          |    🟠     | Accepted but silently ignored; comments are not stored |
| CREATE ACCESS METHOD             |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE AGGREGATE                 |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE CAST                      |    ✅     |                       |
| CREATE COLLATION                 |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE CONVERSION                |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE DATABASE                  |    ✅     |                       |
| CREATE DOMAIN                    |    ✅     | COLLATE is not supported |
| CREATE EVENT TRIGGER             |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE EXTENSION                 |    ✅     | Non-public SCHEMA, VERSION, and CASCADE are not supported |
| CREATE FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER      |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE FOREIGN TABLE             |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE FUNCTION                  |    ✅     | Supports PL/pgSQL, SQL, and C functions |
| CREATE INDEX                     |    ✅     | btree (the default index type) only; CONCURRENTLY is not supported |
| CREATE LANGUAGE                  |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW         |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE OPERATOR                  |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE OPERATOR CLASS            |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE OPERATOR FAMILY           |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE POLICY                    |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE PROCEDURE                 |    ✅     | Supports PL/pgSQL, SQL, and C procedures |
| CREATE PUBLICATION               |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE RULE                      |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE SCHEMA                    |    ✅     |                       |
| CREATE SEQUENCE                  |    ✅     |                       |
| CREATE SERVER                    |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE STATISTICS                |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE SUBSCRIPTION              |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TABLE                     |    ✅     | UNLOGGED, storage parameters, and TABLESPACE are not supported |
| CREATE TABLE ... PARTITION       |    ❌     | PARTITIONs are parsed, but ignored |
| CREATE TABLESPACE                |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY    |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TEXT SEARCH PARSER        |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE      |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TRANSFORM                 |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TRIGGER                   |    ✅     | Row-level BEFORE/AFTER INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE only; CONSTRAINT, INSTEAD OF, FOR EACH STATEMENT, UPDATE OF, REFERENCING, and TRUNCATE triggers are not supported |
| CREATE TYPE                      |    ✅     | Composite, enum, and shell types; RANGE and base types are not supported |
| CREATE VIEW                      |    ✅     | TEMPORARY and RECURSIVE views are not supported |
| DROP ACCESS METHOD               |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP AGGREGATE                   |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP CAST                        |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP COLLATION                   |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP CONVERSION                  |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP DATABASE                    |    ✅     | WITH (FORCE) is not supported |
| DROP DOMAIN                      |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP EVENT TRIGGER               |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP EXTENSION                   |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER        |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP FOREIGN TABLE               |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP FUNCTION                    |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP INDEX                       |    ✅     | RESTRICT, CASCADE, CONCURRENTLY, and dropping multiple indexes at once are not supported |
| DROP LANGUAGE                    |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP MATERIALIZED VIEW           |    ❌     | Executes as DROP VIEW; CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW is not supported |
| DROP OPERATOR                    |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP OPERATOR CLASS              |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP OPERATOR FAMILY             |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP OWNED                       |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP POLICY                      |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP PROCEDURE                   |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP PUBLICATION                 |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP ROUTINE                     |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP RULE                        |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP SCHEMA                      |    ✅     | CASCADE is not supported |
| DROP SEQUENCE                    |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP SERVER                      |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP STATISTICS                  |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP SUBSCRIPTION                |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TABLE                       |    ✅     | RESTRICT and CASCADE are not supported |
| DROP TABLESPACE                  |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION   |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TEXT SEARCH DICTIONARY      |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TEXT SEARCH PARSER          |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TEXT SEARCH TEMPLATE        |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TRANSFORM                   |    ❌     |                       |
| DROP TRIGGER                     |    ✅     | RESTRICT and CASCADE are not supported |
| DROP TYPE                        |    ✅     |                       |
| DROP VIEW                        |    ✅     | RESTRICT and CASCADE are not supported |
| SECURITY LABEL                   |    ❌     |                       |

## Data manipulation statements

| SQL Commands              | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :------------------------ | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| CALL                      |    ✅     |                       |
| CLOSE                     |    ❌     |                       |
| CREATE TABLE AS           |    ✅     | WITH NO DATA is not supported |
| CLUSTER                   |    ❌     |                       |
| COPY                      |    🟠     | COPY FROM STDIN and COPY FROM file work for text and CSV formats; COPY TO and the BINARY format are not supported |
| DECLARE                   |    ❌     |                       |
| DELETE                    |    ✅     | Supports RETURNING    |
| DO                        |    ❌     |                       |
| FETCH                     |    ❌     |                       |
| IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA     |    ❌     |                       |
| INSERT                    |    ✅     | Supports ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING / DO UPDATE and RETURNING |
| LOAD                      |    ❌     |                       |
| MERGE                     |    ❌     |                       |
| MOVE                      |    ❌     |                       |
| REFRESH MATERIALIZED VIEW |    ❌     |                       |
| REINDEX                   |    ❌     |                       |
| SELECT                    |    ✅     | Locking clauses (FOR UPDATE / FOR SHARE) are not supported |
| SELECT INTO               |    ❌     |                       |
| TRUNCATE                  |    ✅     | One table at a time; RESTRICT and CASCADE are not supported |
| UPDATE                    |    ✅     | Supports RETURNING    |
| VACUUM                    |    ✅     | Accepted as a no-op; vacuuming is not needed in Doltgres |
| VALUES                    |    ✅     |                       |

## Prepared statements

| SQL Commands | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :----------- | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| DEALLOCATE   |    ✅     |                       |
| PREPARE      |    ❌     | SQL-level PREPARE is not supported; prepared statements via the wire protocol work |
| EXECUTE      |    ❌     | SQL-level EXECUTE is not supported; prepared statements via the wire protocol work |

## Session management statements

| SQL Commands              | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :------------------------ | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| DISCARD                   |    ✅     | Only DISCARD ALL is supported |
| RESET                     |    ❌     |                       |
| SET                       |    ✅     | SET LOCAL is not supported |
| SET CONSTRAINTS           |    ❌     |                       |
| SET ROLE                  |    ❌     |                       |
| SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION |    ❌     |                       |
| SET TRANSACTION           |    ❌     |                       |
| SHOW                      |    ✅     | SHOW ALL is not supported |

## Transactional statements

| SQL Commands          | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :-------------------- | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| ABORT                 |    ✅     |                       |
| BEGIN                 |    ✅     | Isolation level, priority, and deferrable options are not supported |
| CHECKPOINT            |    ❌     |                       |
| COMMIT                |    ✅     |                       |
| COMMIT PREPARED       |    ❌     |                       |
| END                   |    ✅     |                       |
| LISTEN                |    ❌     |                       |
| LOCK                  |    ❌     |                       |
| NOTIFY                |    ❌     |                       |
| PREPARE TRANSACTION   |    ❌     |                       |
| RELEASE SAVEPOINT     |    ✅     |                       |
| ROLLBACK              |    ✅     |                       |
| ROLLBACK PREPARED     |    ❌     |                       |
| ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT |    ✅     |                       |
| SAVEPOINT             |    ✅     |                       |
| START TRANSACTION     |    ✅     | Isolation level, priority, and deferrable options are not supported |
| UNLISTEN              |    ❌     |                       |

## Utility statements

| SQL Commands | Supported | Notes and limitations |
| :----------- | :-------: | :-------------------- |
| ANALYZE      |    ✅     |                       |
| EXPLAIN      |    ✅     | EXPLAIN SELECT is supported; other statements are not |